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La producción lechera se incrementó en alrededor de 500.000 litros diarios en este año. El aumento, sin embargo, no ha servido para despegar las exportaciones en mercados nuevos, sólo han crecido las destinadas a Venezuela. El precio internacional versus el costo de producción es uno de los motivos.
El año pasado la producción diaria de leche se ubicó en alrededor de 4,6 millones de litros. Hoy en día, está en 5,1 millones de litros. De estos, 60.000 litros diarios (l/d) se destinan a Venezuela, el mercado de exportación más grande de la leche ecuatoriana.
En la actualidad no hay problemas de sobreoferta, lo que sí sucedió el año pasado, cuando registraron excedentes de 300.000 l/d. Según Juan Pablo Grijalva, gerente de la Asociación de Ganaderos de la Sierra y Oriente (AGSO), la restricción de las importaciones de derivados ayudó a estabilizar al sector. “La medida seguirá vigente”, aseguró Margoth Hernández, subsecretaria de Fomento Ganadero del Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. “El consumo por persona también creció un poco, estábamos el año pasado en 100 litros diarios por año y por persona, pero ahora estamos en alrededor de 105 litros diarios por año y persona”, anotó Grijalva. Ecuador, sin embargo, “en este momento tiene un potencial de exportación de entre 200.000 a 300.000 l/d”, informó.
Precios
egún datos de la AGSO, en lo que va del año, se exportaron 10 millones de dólares en leche, sobre todo a Venezuela, pero el interés es abrir más mercados, sobre todo a Centroamérica.
Alejandro Galetto, coordinador de la Junta Intercooperativa de Productores de Leche de Argentina, explicó que no basta con aumentar la producción, la clave, según el experto, son los precios, que deben ser competitivos y para ello los costos de producción deben ser más bajos. Grijalva indicó que en la actualidad el costo promedio de producción está entre 37 centavos y 38 centavos por litro, mientras que el precio internacional oscila entre los 35 centavos y 45 centavos por litro.
Cifras
Producción láctea
5,1 millones de litros de leche al día se producen en el país.
50.000 litros diarios se van a Venezuela.
