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La producción de leche en el país es “la columna vertebral del campo” a decir de Juan Pablo Grijalva, gerente de la Asociación de Ganaderos de la Sierra y el Oriente (AGSO), por ello es imprescindible avanzar en mejorar la eficiencia de la producción lechera que permita entrar a nuevos mercados internacionales.
En ese sentido, la capacitación y los programas de reproducción bovina son de suma importancia para generar mayor competitividad del sector.
Los detalles Hay acciones pequeñas que pueden permitir una mejor operación ganadera que dé cabida una mayor producción. Una de ellas la detección adecuada del celo para mejorar la reproducción y por ende la producción lechera. Corregir algunos detalles, según explicó Alberto Dick, experto argentino en reproducción bovina, permite tener un impacto positivo en el hato ganadero.
En el caso del celo, por ejemplo, si el animal se preña en una época adecuada y llega a parir entre 12 y 13 meses en lugar de 14 y 16 meses hay mucha diferencia en litros de leche, con lo que el costo-beneficio de manejar mejor los detalles se vuelve positivo. “Los costos de aplicación de tecnología simple y fácil son mínimos”, dijo Dick al señalar que otros detalles a tomar en cuenta son la calidad del semen, los biotipos, la genética del animal, el proceso de inseminación, la alimentación, etc.
En el caso de las pajuelas que contienen el material genético (semen) de especímenes nacionales o extranjeros probados para la inseminación, los precios están entre 10 y 25 dólares. Cada pajuela tiene un promedio de 20 millones de espermatozoides, con una efectividad superior al 80%. Los materiales de origen neozelandés se están utilizando en el país por la calidad superior que ofrecen.
Conocer el material con el que se está inseminando al ganado permite a su vez identificar las características que tendrá la leche que se produzca, por ejemplo en cuanto a grasas, porcentajes de proteínas, etc. (ABT) El Dato Un millón y medio de personas dependen de manera directa e indirecta del sector de la leche. 1.200 toneladas métricas de leche en polvo se exportaron en lo que va del año, además de entre 2.000 y 3.000 toneladas de leche líquida.
