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La UE y el Mercosur se otorgarán cupos mutuos en leche en polvo por hasta 10 000 toneladas libres de impuestos. La Unión Europea y el Mercosur se otorgarán recíprocamente cupos de importación de queso, leche en polvo y fórmula infantil. Tal apertura pactaron el 28 de junio como parte del acuerdo en principio sobre un Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) entre ambos.
Por consiguiente, los dos bloques abrirán contingentes arancelarios recíprocos por fases en 10 años:
En cuanto al queso, el cupo llegará a 30 000 toneladas libres de aranceles. El volumen se incorporará por etapas en 10 etapas anuales iguales. El arancel dentro de la cuota se reducirá de la tasa base a cero en 10 recortes anuales iguales a partir de la entrada en vigor.
Asimismo, se otorgarán cupos mutuos en leche en polvo por hasta 10 000 toneladas libres de impuestos. Del mismo modo, el volumen se introducirá gradualmente en 10 etapas anuales iguales. El arancel dentro de la cuota se reducirá de la tasa base a cero en 10 recortes anuales iguales a partir de la entrada en vigor.
Por último, para la fórmula infantil, el cupo será por hasta 5 000 toneladas libres de impuestos, bajo las mismas condiciones de los anteriores dos contingentes.
Cupos y aranceles industriales
La Unión Europea eliminará los aranceles sobre el 100% de los bienes industriales importados desde el Mercosur durante un período de transición de hasta 10 años.
Por su parte, el Mercosur, integrado por Brasil, Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay, eliminará por completo los aranceles en sectores ofensivos clave como automóviles, autopartes, maquinaria, productos químicos y productos farmacéuticos. Para cada uno de estos sectores, la liberalización tiene lugar en más del 90% de las exportaciones de la Unión Europea. Todos los cortes arancelarios de Mercosur son lineales, excepto para los vehículos de pasajeros: serán liberalizados por completo por el Mercosur durante 15 años, con un período de gracia de siete años que irá acompañado de una cuota de transición de 50,000 unidades.
Este contingente de transición tendrá una tasa dentro del contingente de la mitad del arancel de Nación Más Favorecida (NMF). Después del período de gracia, las tarifas bajarán a un ritmo acelerado para llegar a cero al final del período de desmantelamiento.
Las líneas arancelarias sobre autopartes se liberalizarán principalmente en un plazo de 10 años (el 82% de las líneas que cubren el 60% de las exportaciones de la Unión Europea al Mercosur, con un 30% adicional de las exportaciones restantes a liberalizarse en 15 años).
Fuente: https://www.opportimes.com
