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Las exportaciones a ese destino “penden de un hilo” porque “no hay seguridad jurídica y eso traba el comercio”
Los empresarios uruguayos ya tenían problemas para vender a Venezuela desde antes de que se planteara esta situación de violencia generalizada. Ahora es peor, dijeron a El Observador exportadores consultados. Rafael Sanguinetti, directivo de la Cámara de Industrias del Uruguay, comentó que las exportaciones a ese destino “penden de un hilo” porque “no hay seguridad jurídica y eso traba el comercio”. “Tampoco encontramos respuestas en lo diplomático ni una contraparte para negociar”.
En el mismo sentido, desde la Cámara de Comercio Uruguay-Venezuela, su presidente, Ignacio Lavagna, comentó que para vender es “muy difícil sacar los permisos sanitarios” y, por otro lado, es “muy difícil conseguir divisas” para cerrar los negocios. En Venezuela hay un mercado oficial del dólar, hay un dólar para las exportaciones que no siempre se habilita, y hay un mercado negro muy extendido.
El último acuerdo petrolero firmado entre ANCAP y Pdvsa estableció un mecanismo que permite pagar el petróleo con productos de exportación. Esa vía no se utiliza con la fluidez que los empresarios requieren. Básicamente el país caribeño y sobre todo en estos días necesita de alimentos, y Uruguay es productor.
Conaprole es una de las industrias que más le vende a Venezuela. Otros sectores lograron ingresar por apoyo político, como fueron los neumáticos de Funsa, una empresa recuperada por los trabajadores y que tuvo el apoyo financiero del expresidente Hugo Chávez. Venezuela representa el 5% de las ventas totales de Uruguay al exterior.
Los productos más exportados por Uruguay a ese mercado son queso, requesón y leche, seguido de carne y pollo. Desde la Asociación de Façoneros de Pollo se indicó a El Observador la preocupación del sector de una eventual expansión de las dificultades políticas y sociales al comercio de aves.
Para los pollos, Venezuela es el principal mercado. Según cifras del estatal instituto Uruguay XXI, desde el año 2005, cuando la izquierda llegó a la Presidencia de la República, el comercio con Venezuela fue en aumento. De los US$ 34 millones que se exportaron ese año se pasó a US$ 450 millones en 2013.
Conaprole le vendió por US$ 149 millones; la Cooperativa Agraria por US$ 47 millones; Pili de Paysandú por US$ 43 millones, y Claldy de Young por US$ 30 millones.
